Application of Shannon Entropy in Assessing Changes in Precipitation Conditions and Temperature Based on Long-Term Sequences Using the Bootstrap Method

This study delves into the application of Shannon entropy to analyze the long-term variability in climate data, specifically focusing on precipitation and temperature. By employing data from 1901 to 2010 across 377 catchments worldwide, we investigated the dynamics of climate variables using the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution and Shannon entropy measures. The methodology hinged on the robust bootstrap technique to accommodate the inherent uncertainties in climatic data, enhancing the reliability of our entropy estimates. Our analysis revealed significant trends in entropy values, suggesting variations in the unpredictability and complexity of climate behavior over the past century. These trends were critically assessed using non-parametric tests to discern the underlying patterns and potential shifts in climate extremes. The results underscore the profound implications of entropy trends in understanding climate variability and aiding the prediction of future climatic conditions. This research not only confirms the utility of Shannon entropy in climatological studies but also highlights its potential in enhancing our understanding of complex and chaotic climate systems. The study’s findings are vital for developing adaptive strategies in response to the evolving nature of climate extremes, thus contributing to more informed decision-making in environmental management and policy formulation.