P-, E-, and H-cadherins differ in their relationships with coronary stenosis, cardiovascular outcomes, and unplanned recurrent revascularization

Background and aims: Cadherins are adhesion proteins, and their dysregulation may result in the development of atherosclerosis, plaque rupture, or lesions of the vascular wall. The aim of the present study was to detect the associations of cadherins-P, −E, and H, with atherosclerosis and pathological cardiovascular conditions. Methods and results: The present study with 3-year follow up evaluated atherosclerosis and fasting levels of P-, E-, and H-cadherins in the serum samples of 214 patients in a hospital setting. Coronary lesions were assessed by coronary angiography as Gensini score. Serum proteomic profiling was performed using antibody microarrays. The contents of P-, E-, and H-cadherins in the serum were measured using indirect ELISA. High levels of P- and E-cadherins and low levels of H-cadherin were associated with severity of atherosclerosis. High levels of P- and E-cadherins were associated with higher incidence of nonfatal cardiovascular outcomes. E-cadherin was associated with higher incidence of recurrent revascularization during 3 year follow-up. The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed various associations of the three cadherins with lipid, endothelial, and metabolic biomarkers. Conclusions: The data indicated that classical and atypical cadherins were associated with atherosclerosis progression. Elevated levels of P-cadherin were associated with coronary atherosclerosis. The data indicated that various lipid, endothelial, and metabolic biomarkers may influence the levels of cadherins. Thus, P-, E-, and H-cadherins may be promising markers for the assessment of cardiovascular risk.