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Roles and mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs in human health and diseases

Authors :
Chen Li
Yu-Qing Ni
Hui Xu
Qun-Yan Xiang
Yan Zhao
Jun-Kun Zhan
Jie-Yu He
Shuang Li
You-Shuo Liu
Source :
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-31 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Nature Publishing Group, 2021.

Abstract

Abstract Exosomes play a role as mediators of cell-to-cell communication, thus exhibiting pleiotropic activities to homeostasis regulation. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are closely related to a variety of biological and functional aspects of human health. When the exosomal ncRNAs undergo tissue-specific changes due to diverse internal or external disorders, they can cause tissue dysfunction, aging, and diseases. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms of exosomes in human diseases. In addition, we explore the current knowledge on the roles of exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in human health and diseases, including cancers, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases, to determine their potential implication in biomarker identification and therapeutic exploration.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20593635
Volume :
6
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.78d97473e6e486fbcce13f6b6709a08
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00779-x