DOĞAL GRAFİT İHRACATI YOĞUNLAŞMASININ EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Graphite which is used in many industrial applications due to its high electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent thermal stability and lubricity has become a critical raw material for developed and developing countries in recent years. The monopolization trends and concentration observed especially in natural graphite exports cause countries to worry about the sustainability of their economic growth because of the deteriorating the competitive environment. Examining the export concentration of the mineral resources market in the world can provide important information for the analysis of this situation. In this study, in order to interpret the effects of world natural graphite export market concentration on economic growth, the development of the concentration ratio (CRn) and indices (HHI) of exporting countries in the world natural graphite market between 2002 and 2019 were examined. When the relationship between the export concentration in the natural graphite market and the growth in the world economies (GDP per capita) is investigated, it has been determined that the hypothesis that economic growth should increase as the export concentration of goods for world countries decreases does not remain valid for graphite exports. Considering the tendency towards monopoly in graphite exports as the world economies grow, the precautions to be taken in graphite mining in Turkey, which has the world's largest natural graphite reserves, have been discussed.