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Dependency of the drag coefficient on boundary layer stability beneath drifting sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean
- Source :
- Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024)
- Publication Year :
- 2024
- Publisher :
- Nature Portfolio, 2024.
-
Abstract
- Abstract The ice-ocean drag coefficient $$C_{w}$$ C w and turning angle $$\theta_{w}$$ θ w are crucial parameters in ice-ocean coupled simulations, determining the transfer of momentum between the two media. These parameters are often treated as constants regardless of the static stability at the ice-ocean interface. This study investigates the variability of $$C_{w}$$ C w and $$\theta_{w}$$ θ w based on direct observations of thermal and kinetic energy balance. The observations were conducted beneath multiyear ice packs widely across the central Arctic during a period transitioning from ablation to refreezing, indicating significant variability of $$C_{w}$$ C w = 1–130 $$\times$$ × 10−3 and $$\theta_{w}$$ θ w = − 19–1° at 5 m depth. Comparing different stations, the observations suggest a pronounced dependence of $$C_{w}$$ C w on the stability parameter ( $$\mu$$ μ ) resulting from mechanical and buoyant forcing. $$C_{w}$$ C w rapidly decays with increasing $$\mu$$ μ , indicating that the ice-to-ocean momentum transfer is enhanced for neutral or unstable conditions, while it is weakened for stable conditions. In addition, observed vertical profiles of currents revealed that $$|\theta_{w}|$$ | θ w | tends to be smaller for unstable and larger for stable conditions. We suggest that numerical simulations using constant values could result in an underestimate of large-scale near-surface currents during the ice growing period.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20452322
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Scientific Reports
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.76e4ff65925f48f199fc55a9654b6f85
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66124-8