Comparison Between the Clinical Effect of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty for Osteoporosis Vertebral Compression Fracture Patient with or Without Sarcopenia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Yujie Peng,1 Xiaochuan Wu,1 Xinyu Ma,2 Dingli Xu,3 Yang Wang,4 Dongdong Xia1 1Orthopeadic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China; 2Emergency Department, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Department, Health Science Center, Ningbo University Zhejiang, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China; 4Orthopeadic Department, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Dongdong Xia, Email gukeyisheng0525@163.comBackground: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) are common diseases that increase with age. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sarcopenia on OVCF patients after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Methods: Data of 101 patients who were treated with single-level PKP between January 2021 and March 2022 at Ningbo No.6 Hospital were enrolled. Forty-five OVCF patients with sarcopenia who met our inclusion criteria were included in the Sarcopenia-PKP group (SPKP group), and 56 patients in the Normal-PKP group (NPKP group). All clinical and radiological data were collected from medical records. Baseline characteristics, operation-related parameters (operation time, time to ambulation, hospital stay, surgery segment), clinical outcomes (visual analog score [VAS], Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores [JOA] of lumber), radiological outcomes (vertebral anterior height rate and local kyphosis angle), Macnab score, and complications were evaluated and compared.Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, surgical segment preoperative VAS score, ODI, or JOA between the two groups (P > 0.05). The SPKP group had a significantly lower body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and smooth muscle index (SMI) than the NPKP group (P < 0.05). Significantly longer hospital stays and time to ambulation in SPKP group than NPKP group (3.7± 0.8 vs 3.4± 0.5 and 2.0± 0.8 vs 1.6± 0.5, P < 0.05). In SPKP group, significantly better clinical outcomes at 6- and 12-months follow-up were observed in NPKP group than SPKP group (P < 0.05), and NPKP group showed significantly better in vertebral anterior height rates than SPKP group after 6-month follow-up (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significantly more cases of complications in the SPKP group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Sarcopenia could reduce the clinical effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty, and furthermore. Related studies are needed to verify the effect of sarcopenia on OVCF patients.Keywords: sarcopenia, percutaneous kyphoplasty, osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture, clinical effect