The Role of Conceptual and Visual Motifs in Contemporary Poetry and its Reflection in the Posters of the Sacred Defense

The Sacred Defense, an imperative historical event in Iranian civilization in the preceding century, has nowadays developed into one of the most significant cultural symbols of the society. This has led poets and writers to devote their creations to the formation of artworks with themes and concepts related to this phenomenon. This approach has led to the formation of an exceptional style in the works of such literary figures. A motif is a specific theme, character, or pattern that is repeated in various forms in literature and art. The Sacred Defense poetry, which was formed with the occurrence of the mentioned historical event in the sixties, led to the strengthening of Iranian identity and cultural fundamentals. These widely used cultural motifs represent the poetry of war with its own stylistic features that aid to identify commonalities in thought, culture, values ​​and beliefs of the nation. The issue raised in this paper is to study the effect of this particular style of poetry on the formation and creation of conceptual and visual motifs and its reflection in the posters of the Sacred Defense. This research is accomplished relying on descriptive and analytical methods and also on the collection of library data. The findings suggest that a number of the motifs seen in the poetry of this period are faced with lexical, visual and thematic repetitions; moreover, the thematic section includes concepts such as martyrdom, patriotism, the battle between right and wrong, love, and so on. Studies have shown that the unique motifs related to the poetry of the Sacred Defense bestow an emotional, aesthetic, guiding and prominent function on the content of the poem and the approaches of the audience; consequently, the poets of the Sacred Defense created their most intense artworks by emphasizing the mentioned elements in their poetry. Such concepts have caused the endurance of the values of the Sacred Defense in the history of Iranian literature and its presence for the future Therefore, the adoption of this poetic style has increased the role of conceptual and visual themes in the poetry of the Sacred Defense. The posters of this act are created in order to celebrate and spread the culture of this sacred event and are reproductions of its conceptual and visual motifs in literature. Research aims: 1. To investigative the varieties of motifs and their elements in the poetry of the Sacred Defense. 2. To examine the motifs and elements of the Sacred Defense poetry in poster art. Research questions: 1. What elements do the poems of Sacred Defense use in describing the values and beliefs of such act? 2. What is the reflection of the poems of Holy Defense in the posters of this event?