Unraveling the Dietary Puzzle: Exploring the Influence of Diet, Nutraceuticals, and Supplements on Bladder Cancer Risk, Outcomes, and Immunotherapy Efficacy: Insights from the BLOSSOM Study and Beyond

Abstract Bladder cancer is considered a global health concern characterized by significant morbidity and mortality rates. The complex relationship between diet and bladder cancer is examined, with a specific focus on the role of diet in risk, outcomes, and treatment efficacy. Attention is drawn to the burgeoning field of immunotherapy in bladder cancer treatment, and the possible influence of diet on its outcomes is explored. While evidence remains limited, prior studies in other cancer types have suggested a potential connection between diet and immunotherapy response. To address this knowledge gap, the ongoing BLOSSOM study is presented, which aims to investigate the link between dietary factors, lifestyle, and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Ongoing efforts to decipher the intricate relationship between diet and bladder cancer care are highlighted, emphasizing the quest to unravel the dietary puzzle for the improvement of bladder cancer management.