Epidemiology of congenital polydactyly and syndactyly in Hunan Province, China

Abstract Objective To describe the prevalence and epidemiology of congenital polydactyly and syndactyly in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020. Methods Data were obtained from the Birth Defects Surveillance System in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020. Prevalence of birth defects (polydactyly or syndactyly) is the number of cases per 1000 births (unit: ‰). Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by the log-binomial method. Chi-square trend tests (χ 2 trend ) were used to determine trends in prevalence by year. Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to examine the association of each demographic characteristic with polydactyly and syndactyly. Results Our study included 847,755 births, and 14,459 birth defects were identified, including 1,888 polydactyly and 626 syndactyly cases, accounting for 13.06% and 4.33% of birth defects, respectively. The prevalences of total birth defects, polydactyly, and syndactyly were 17.06‰ (95%CI: 16.78–17.33), 2.23‰ (95%CI: 2.13–2.33), and 0.74‰ (95%CI: 0.68–0.80), respectively. Most polydactyly (96.77%) and syndactyly (95.69%) were diagnosed postnatally (within 7 days). From 2016 to 2020, the prevalences of polydactyly were 1.94‰, 2.07‰, 2.20‰, 2.54‰, and 2.48‰, respectively, showing an upward trend (χ2 trend = 19.48, P