Comparison of Analytical and Algorithm-Based Design of Two-Port Using Two Bilinear Sections

This paper compares the analytical approach and optimization algorithm for designing a two-bilinear-section-based two-port transfer function hinged on a numerical sweep with the intention of implementing fractional-order (FO) systems in many sensing areas. The study compares analytical and algorithm-based design approaches and tests their effectiveness in designing a two-port system that accommodates phase shifts within the 10° to 80° range and with various phase ripple limits. The impact of phase changes on usable bandwidth (yield maximization) is also explored. The proposed algorithm represents the most optimal approach and calculates zeros/poles frequencies to precisely keep the required mean phase value and phase ripple value for the defined center frequency. Experimental results are provided, utilizing two bilinear sections featuring the current feedback amplifier. Moreover, the implementation of the novel two-port Cole model as an application example of the proposed design is presented and evaluated. The approaches presented are useful in sensing, modeling, and instrumentation.