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Assessing the Dissipation of Pesticides of Different Polarities in Soil Samples

Authors :
Carlos Eduardo Rodríguez-Palma
Pilar Campíns-Falcó
Rosa Herráez-Hernández
Source :
Soil Systems, Vol 8, Iss 3, p 71 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

A methodology has been developed to assess the presence and dissipation of herbicides of a wide range of polarities in soil using in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) coupled online to capillary liquid chromatography (capLC). The compounds investigated were tritosulfuron (TRT), triflusulfuron-methyl (TRF), aclonifen (ACL), and bifenox (BF), with log octanol-water partition coefficients (log Kow) ranging from 0.62 to 4.48. The method provided suitable linearity at concentration levels of 0.5–4.0 µg/g for TRT and TRF, and 0.2–1.0 µg/g for ACL and BF, and intra- and interday precision (expressed as relative standard deviation) ≤4% and ≤8%, respectively. The mean recoveries ranged from 90% to 101%, and the limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were in the intervals of 0.05–0.1 µg/g and 0.1–0.4 µg/g, respectively. The accuracy of the method was also satisfactory. The proposed approach was successfully applied to assess the degradation of the tested herbicides in different types of soil (agricultural, urban and forest) after being exposed to different laboratory and outdoor conditions. The results obtained showed a greater persistence of the most apolar compounds ACL and BF, with percentages of degraded herbicide ≤31% regardless of the soil characteristics. In contrast, a significant degradation of highly polar herbicides TRT and TRF was observed in soils with the lowest organic matter, even after a few days of exposure. For example, the percentages of remaining TRT and TRF in this kind of soil after 20 days were ≤65%; the half-life time of TRF was only 24.8 days. These results indicate that the proposed approach can be considered as an effective tool for a better understanding of soil pollution.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
25718789
Volume :
8
Issue :
3
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Soil Systems
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.7113a41d680348aa9a0ddaa42c7127b1
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems8030071