Drug-drug Interactions between Hypoglycemic and Non-hypoglycemic Medication in Diabetic Patients with Comorbidities in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Drug-drug interaction is one of the causes of adverse drug reactions. Generally, drug-drug interaction is common in multidrug therapy. Diabetic patients, particularly due to associated comorbidities tend to have various drug-drug interactions due to the effect of multiple drugs. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of drug-drug interactions in diabetic patients. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted among previously diagnosed diabetic patients visiting the outpatient department of medicine at a tertiary care hospital between March 2021 and August 2021. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee (Ref no: 030-076/077). Data was collected from diabetic patients presenting to the outpatient department of medicine using a preformed self-constructed questionnaire. Convenient sampling was done. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 and Microsoft Excel were used for data analysis. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of drug-drug interaction between hypoglycemic and non-hypoglycemic medication was 56 (44.1%) (35.5-52.7 at 95% Confidence Interval) of the patients out of which at least one drug-drug interaction was seen in 48 (37.8%) of the patients. Conclusions: Our study showed the prevalence of drug-drug interactions in diabetic patients to be higher than other studies done in similar settings. Based on the severity, we observed two types of drug-drug interactions; close monitoring drug-drug interactions and minor drug-drug interactions.