The Effect of Length of Service in a Thermal Environment on Thermal Comfort and Mental Stress

An inappropriate thermal environment negatively impacts workers, causing mental stress and safety accidents. Unskilled workers are more vulnerable to industrial accidents and thermal stress compared with skilled workers due to suboptimal and unfamiliar work. Previous studies have focused on individual characteristics (such as gender, age, and race), with limited emphasis on the thermal comfort sensation. This study identified the preferred thermal environment according to work experience and how mental stress differed between unskilled and skilled workers by examining their thermal comfort sensation. Predicted mean vote (PMV) was used as an indicator of the thermal environment, and five environments were constructed for PMV: −2, −1, 0, 1, and 2. Participants were recruited among current workers and the public. Mental stress and thermal comfort sensation were assessed using heart rate variability and thermal comfort vote, respectively. This study demonstrated that the skilled group experienced higher mental stress and a lower thermal comfort sensation. Contrastingly, in the sensitivity analysis, the unskilled group exhibited greater sensitivity to changes in the thermal environment. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study derived an optimal PMV range for each group. The findings can provide a reference for configuring the optimal thermal environment of the workplace.