Experimental Study on the Negative Skin Friction of the Pile Group Induced by Rising and Lowering the Groundwater Level

Negative skin friction (NSF) has been one of the important factors in the design of pile foundation; especially, the influence of water level on the pile negative skin friction should be paid attention. In this paper, a series of model tests were carried out to analyze the bearing characteristic of the pile group influenced by groundwater level. The pile axial force and negative skin friction, settlement, and soil pore pressure were investigated. The results showed that both the water level rising and lowering cycle could increase the axial force of the pile along the upper part of the pile, yet reducing it along the lower part of the pile; both the axial force and the negative skin friction of the pile presented a feature of time effect; the value of negative skin friction was positively correlated with that of the pile head load, and the neutral plane ranged from 0.57 L to 0.64 L as the water level changed; the soil featured settling in layers, and the change of pore water pressure was accordant with the water level changing regulation.