Sequence Impedance Modeling and Analysis of Modular Multilevel Converter Considering DC Port Characteristics

The extensive deployment of Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) in AC/DC systems can lead to complex resonance issues. Impedance modeling forms the foundation for analyzing the stability of interconnected system. Existing investigations primarily address resonance concerns on the AC side of MMC. In the process of impedance modeling, the DC system is generally approximated as an ideal voltage source, thereby neglecting its dynamic impact on the impedance characteristic of MMC. Such simplification may result in inaccuracies within stability analysis findings. Based on the multi-harmonic linearization method, this paper introduces an impedance modeling approach that takes into account the characteristics of the DC port. Taking DC voltage control as a case study, the impedance model for the AC side of the MMC is established. The results of programming calculation and simulation measurement of sequence impedance are mutually verified. Finally, the MMC impedance responses determined by different DC port characteristics are analyzed. Significant alterations in MMC impedance characteristics are introduced by DC side resistance and capacitance, which may result in negative damping effects and a decrease in system stability margins. The DC side inductance has a relatively minor impact on MMC impedance responses. The analysis results show that the sequence impedance model of MMC considering DC port characteristics can improve the accuracy of stability analysis results.