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Finite element analysis of the knee joint: a computational tool to analyze the combined behavior after treatment of torn ligaments and menisci in the human knee joint

Authors :
Vasiliadis Angelo V.
Giovanoulis Vasileios
Maris Alexandros
Chytas Dimitrios
Katakalos Konstantinos
Paraskevas George
Noussios George
Vassiou Aikaterini
Source :
SICOT-J, Vol 10, p 45 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
EDP Sciences, 2024.

Abstract

Finite element analysis (FEA) is a fundamental tool that can be used in the orthopaedic world to simulate and analyze the behaviour of different surgical procedures. It is important to be aware that removing more than 20% of the meniscus could increase the shear stress in the cartilage and enlarge the risk of knee joint degeneration. In this fact, the maximal shear stress value in the medial cartilage increased up to 225% from 0.15 MPa to 0.5 MPa after medial meniscectomy. Also, meniscal root repair can improve meniscal biomechanics and potentially reduce the risk of osteoarthritis, even in cases of a loose repair. FEA has been used to better understand the biomechanical role of cruciate ligaments in the knee joint. ACLr with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft at 60 N of pretension and double-bundle PCLr were closer to that of a native knee in terms of biomechanics. The addition of a lateral extra-articular augmentation technique can reduce 50% of tibial translation and internal rotation, protecting the graft and minimizing the risk of re-rupture. Interestingly, anatomic and non-anatomic medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction increased the pressure applied to the patellofemoral joint by increasing patellar contact pressure to 0.14 MPa at 30° of knee flexion using the semitendinosus as a graft. After all the advances in medical imaging technologies, future studies should take into consideration patient-specific data on both anatomy and mechanics, in order to better personalize the experimental model.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
24268887
Volume :
10
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
SICOT-J
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.6be09f64ea50414ab4308a4d122160a7
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1051/sicotj/2024039