Enhancing CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio and accelerating recovery in HNSCC patients through immunonutrition intervention

Abstract Objective Malnutrition is a common issue in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), leading to compromised immune function and diminished treatment efficacy. This is particularly concerning for therapies targeting the PD-1 pathway, which are pivotal in cancer treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the potential benefits of immunonutrition in improving immune responses and clinical outcomes for these patients. Methods In the study, 49 individuals diagnosed with HNSCC were enrolled and divided into two groups: one group received specialized immunonutrition support designed to enhance immune function, while the other group received standard nutritional care. The researchers assessed immune function by evaluating CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, which are critical indicators of immune health. Additionally, clinical outcomes were monitored, focusing on infection rates and the duration of hospital stays. Results Patients who received immunonutrition showed a significant improvement in immune function, as indicated by higher levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, these patients experienced shorter recovery times and lower infection rates compared to those receiving standard nutrition. Conclusion These findings suggest that immunonutrition may play a vital role in enhancing the effectiveness of cancer therapies, including PD-1 inhibitors. By supporting immune health, immunonutrition could potentially improve patient outcomes and quality of life during and after treatment. This study underscores the importance of integrating nutritional support into cancer care, particularly for patients with HNSCC. As the field of oncology continues to evolve, incorporating strategies that address nutritional deficiencies could be key to optimizing treatment efficacy and improving overall survival rates.