ELECTROPHORETIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Tetragonisca weyrauchi (Hymenoptera, Apidae) STINGLESS BEES ESTERASES

The meliponinae are important pollinators of plant species. T. weyrauchi has restricted distribution, is found only in northern Brazil. This study aimed to perform the electrophoretic characterization of esterases from T. weyrauchi and check the expression pattern of total proteins. Adult individuals were collected at the entrance of the nests located in Alto Paraíso, state of Rondônia, Brazil and stored at -20 °C. Individual extracts of head and thorax and abdomen of the workers were subjected to electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide gel and 5% stacking gel. Extracts from head and thorax of T. weyrauchi presented six esterase regions. In abdomen extracts it was only one esterase activity region, EST- 4. The heated samples to 52 °C and 54 °C decrease in the relative activity of esterases 1, 2, 3 and 4 and total degradation of esterases 5 and 6. At 58 °C only esterase 4 presented lower relative activity while the others were totally degraded. On the electrophoretic pattern of the proteins, 24 peptides detected, by molecular weight, their size ranged from 10 to 220 kDa. This study revealed, that number found for esterase species is greater than for other species of the same genus, as well as the number of proteins. The thermostability test showed resistance is associated with thermoregulatory capacity, an important characteristic because this species is found in regions with high temperatures.