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DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest?

Authors :
Nagendra Verma
Matteo Franchitto
Azzurra Zonfrilli
Samantha Cialfi
Rocco Palermo
Claudio Talora
Source :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 5, p 1073 (2019)
Publication Year :
2019
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2019.

Abstract

DNA is an entity shielded by mechanisms that maintain genomic stability and are essential for living cells; however, DNA is constantly subject to assaults from the environment throughout the cellular life span, making the genome susceptible to mutation and irreparable damage. Cells are prepared to mend such events through cell death as an extrema ratio to solve those threats from a multicellular perspective. However, in cells under various stress conditions, checkpoint mechanisms are activated to allow cells to have enough time to repair the damaged DNA. In yeast, entry into the cell cycle when damage is not completely repaired represents an adaptive mechanism to cope with stressful conditions. In multicellular organisms, entry into cell cycle with damaged DNA is strictly forbidden. However, in cancer development, individual cells undergo checkpoint adaptation, in which most cells die, but some survive acquiring advantageous mutations and selfishly evolve a conflictual behavior. In this review, we focus on how, in cancer development, cells rely on checkpoint adaptation to escape DNA stress and ultimately to cell death.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
14220067
Volume :
20
Issue :
5
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.68ae30da3bb743898d8ad454cf6df50a
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073