Impact of smoking and alcohol drinking on the prognosis of 721 nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective: This study aimed to examine the correlation between smoking, alcohol drinking, and the prognosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC). Methods: Clinical data from 721 NPC cases treated at our hospital between January 2005 and December 2010 were collected. Information on smoking and drinking, including duration, daily quantity, and cumulative amount, was recorded and graded according to WHO standards. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the influence of smoking and alcohol drinking on NPC patient prognosis. After controlling for confounding factors, survival analysis compared the 5-year Progression-Free Survival rate (PFS) and Overall Survival rate (OS) among patients with varying degrees of smoking and drinking. The association between smoking, drinking, cumulative amount, and NPC patient prognosis was evaluated. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was then employed, considering patient demographic characteristics and clinical features, to comprehensively analyze prognostic influencing factors in NPC patients. Additionally, the multivariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to comprehensively examine the influencing factors of prognosis, taking into account the patients' basic demographic characteristics and clinical features. The findings revealed significant differences in the aforementioned rates. Results: (1) Analysis of PFS and OS differences in NPC patients considered smoking status, smoking duration, daily smoking quantity, and cumulative smoking amount. No significant influence of smoking on NPC patient PFS and OS within 5-years was observed (p > 0.05). (2) Non-drinkers with NPC exhibited higher 5-year PFS and OS rates compared to drinkers (p = 0.047, p = 0.026). Furthermore, non-drinkers and those with a drinking duration of less than 120 months or between 120–240 months showed higher 5-year PFS and OS rates than individuals with a drinking duration exceeding 240 months (p