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Dose-Dependent Outcome of EBV Infection of Humanized Mice Based on Green Raji Unit (GRU) Doses
- Source :
- Viruses, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 2184 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Humanized mouse models are used as comprehensive small-animal models of EBV infection. Previously, infectious doses of EBV used in vivo have been determined mainly on the basis of TD50 (50% transforming dose), which is a time-consuming process. Here, we determined infectious doses of Akata-EBV-GFP using green Raji units (GRUs), and characterized dose-dependent effects in humanized mice. We defined two outcomes in vivo, including an infection model and a lymphoma model, following inoculation with low or high doses of Akata-EBV-GFP, respectively. Inoculation with a low dose induced primary B cells to become lymphoblastoid cell lines in vitro, and caused latent infection in humanized mice. In contrast, a high dose of Akata-EBV-GFP resulted in primary B cells death in vitro, and fatal B cell lymphomas in vivo. Following infection with high doses, the frequency of CD19+ B cells decreased, whereas the percentage of CD8+ T cells increased in peripheral blood and the spleen. At such doses, a small part of activated CD8+ T cells was EBV-specific CD8+ T cells. Thus, GRUs quantitation of Akata-EBV-GFP is an effective way to quantify infectious doses to study pathologies, immune response, and to assess (in vivo) the neutralizing activity of antibodies raised by immunization against EBV.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19994915
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.675a241fb71c4138aebb8afb957eef01
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v13112184