Interfaces obtained by MAPLE for chemical and biosensors applications

This minireview appraises the chemical sensors and biosensors with the bio/sensitive active films obtained by matrix assisted laser evaporation (MAPLE). An overall presentation and examples of the materials utilized thus far introduce the discussion of sensing applications, where the following categories of biosensors are critically appraised: optical sensors (surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence microscopy, long period grating fiber); surface acoustic wave sensors; and electrochemical sensors. The deposition of active layers of biomolecules, potentially useful as sensing interfaces, is discussed in relation to the experimental parameters of MAPLE deposition, with emphasis on the preservation of structure and activity of biomolecules. Additionally, chemoselective layers, temperature responsive and antifouling coatings are also reviewed, as these be can be combined with the active layers to obtain advanced sensing interfaces, showing the versatility of MAPLE. The review concludes with future developments and perspectives.