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No Effect of EVA and TPU Custom Foot Orthoses on Mechanical Asymmetries during Acute Intense Fatigue
- Source :
- Symmetry, Vol 15, Iss 3, p 705 (2023)
- Publication Year :
- 2023
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2023.
-
Abstract
- This study examined the impact of custom foot orthoses made of ethyl-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials, both compared to a control condition (CON; shoes only), on mechanical asymmetries during repeated treadmill sprints. Eighteen well-trained male runners executed eight, 5-s sprints (rest: 25 s) on an instrumented motorized treadmill in three footwear conditions (EVA, TPU, and CON). We evaluated the group mean asymmetry scores using the ‘symmetry angle’ (SA) formula, which assigns a score of 0% for perfect symmetry and a score of 100% for perfect asymmetry. There was no condition (all p ≥ 0.053) or time (p ≥ 0.074) main effects, nor were there any significant time × condition interactions on SA scores for any variables (p ≥ 0.640). Mean vertical, horizontal, and total forces presented mean SA values (pooled values for the three conditions) of 2.6 ± 1.9%, 2.9 ± 1.6%, and 2.4 ± 1.8%, respectively. Mean SA scores were ~1–3% for contact time (1.5 ± 0.5%), flight time (3.0 ± 0.3%), step frequency (1.1 ± 0.5%), step length (1.9 ± 0.7%), vertical stiffness (2.1 ± 0.9%), and leg stiffness (2.4 ± 1.1%). Mean SA scores were ~2–6.5% for duration of braking (4.1 ± 1.6%) and propulsive (2.4 ± 1.0%) phases, and peak braking (6.2 ± 2.9%) and propulsive (2.1 ± 1.4%) forces. In well-trained runners facing intense fatigue, wearing custom foot orthoses did not modify the observed low-to-moderate natural stride mechanical asymmetries.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20738994
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Symmetry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.652f7f96953348628589886e296cefec
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030705