(Invited) Advances in 2D nanomaterials-assisted plasmonics optical fiber sensors for biomolecules detection

Presently, plasmonic sensors are widely employed for the detection of numerous biomolecules found in the human body, owing to their high sensitivity and selectivity even in complex media (e.g., serum, urine, saliva). The most advanced plasmonic sensing technique for real-time screening and monitoring of analyte interactions is surface plasmon resonance (SPR)/localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). In recent years, the advancement of signal amplification tags such as gold/silver thin films (nanoparticles) and diverse sensing substrates such as 2D materials (e.g., graphene/MXene) has accelerated the development of SPR/LSPR sensors. This review of the literature focuses on 2D materials-based plasmonic sensors for the detection of various biomolecules, including creatinine, cardiac troponin I, alanine aminotransferase, acetylcholine, cholesterol, glucose, uric acid, and p-cresol. The review concludes with an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of 2D diagnostic materials.