A nomogram model for the occurrence of bladder spasm after TURP in patients with prostate enlargement based on serum prostacyclin and 5-hydroxytryptamine and clinical characteristics

ABSTRACT Objective: With the development of analytical methods, mathematical models based on humoral biomarkers have become more widely used in the medical field. This study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with the occurrence of bladder spasm after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with prostate enlargement, and then construct a nomogram model. Materials and methods: Two hundred and forty-two patients with prostate enlargement who underwent TURP were included. Patients were divided into Spasm group (n=65) and non-spasm group (n=177) according to whether they had bladder spasm after surgery. Serum prostacyclin (PGI2) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors. Results: Postoperative serum PGI2 and 5-HT levels were higher in patients in the Spasm group compared with the Non-spasm group (P