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Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 21, p 11905 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic pathology in industrialized countries, affecting about 25% of the general population. NAFLD is a benign condition, however, it could evolve toward more serious diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver biopsy is still the gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis. Due to the risks associated with liver biopsy and the impossibility to apply it on a large scale, it is now necessary to identify non-invasive biomarkers, which may reliably identify patients at higher risk of progression. Therefore, several lines of research have tried to address this issue by identifying novel biomarkers using omics approaches, including lipidomics, metabolomics and RNA molecules’ profiling. Thus, in this review, we firstly report the conventional biomarkers used in clinical practice for NAFL and NASH diagnosis as well as fibrosis staging, and secondly, we pay attention to novel biomarkers discovered through omics approaches with a particular focus on RNA biomarkers (microRNAs, long-noncoding RNAs), showing promising diagnostic performance for NAFL/NASH diagnosis and fibrosis staging.
- Subjects :
- biomarkers
ncRNAs
NAFLD
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067 and 16616596
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 21
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.5f97a1e3ef748ca8078245b8e2cf650
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111905