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Improvement of Moist Heat Resistance of Ascorbic Acid through Encapsulation in Egg Yolk–Chitosan Composite: Application for Production of Highly Nutritious Shrimp Feed Pellets

Authors :
Jidapa Jaroensaensuai
Saowakon Wongsasulak
Tipaporn Yoovidhya
Sakamon Devahastin
Wanilada Rungrassamee
Source :
Animals, Vol 12, Iss 18, p 2384 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Egg yolk (EY) is an excellent supplement for aquatic animals and has good technofunctionality. Ascorbic acid (AA) is a potent bioactive substance and is essentially added to shrimp feed; however, it is drastically lost in both feed processing and in rearing environments. In this study, AA was microencapsulated in an EY–chitosan (CS) composite. The encapsulated vitamin was then mixed into a shrimp feed mixture to form pelleted feed via twin-screw extrusion. The effects of the EY/AA ratio and the amount of CS on moist heat resistance, production yield, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and morphology of microcapsules were investigated. The molecular interaction of the microcapsule components was analyzed by FTIR. The size and size distribution of the microcapsules were determined using a laser diffraction analyzer. The microstructure was evaluated by SEM. The physical properties of the microcapsule-fortified pelleted feed were determined. The AA retention at each step of feed processing and during exposure to seawater was evaluated. The results showed that the microcapsules had a spherical shape with an average diameter of ~6.0 μm. Decreasing the EY/AA ratio significantly improved the production yield, EE, and morphology of the microcapsules. EY proved to be the key component for moist heat resistance, while CS majorly improved the production yield, EE, and morphology of the microcapsules. The microcapsules showed no adverse impact on feed properties. The loss of AA in food processing and seawater was remarkably improved. The final content of the encapsulated AA remaining in shrimp feed was 16-fold higher than that of the unencapsulated AA.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20762615
Volume :
12
Issue :
18
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Animals
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.5f8d280b3bf44813bbec6c000d0fa85c
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12182384