Quantitative karyological analysis of immature germ cells from ejaculate with normal sperm count

Introduction. The number of immature germ cells (IGCs) in ejaculate and the ratio of these cells at different stages of their differentiation can reflect meiotic progression and the state of spermatogenesis. Quantitative karyological analysis of immature germ cells from the ejaculate (QKA IGCs) makes it possible to distinguish and analyze all the stages of cell differentiation during spermatogenesis.Purpose. To analyze the spermatogenesis in men with impaired fertility and possible correlation between semen analysis and QKA IGCs parameters. Materials and methods. We analyzed 52 semen samples with normal sperm concentration, normal ejaculate volume and pH. Sperm examination according to WHO criteria and QKA IGCs from the ejaculate were performed (patent of L.F. Kurilo No. 2328736, 2007). According to the number of leukocytes, we divided two groups: a group with normal concentration of leukocytes in the ejaculate (group 1, n = 34) and a group with leukospermia (group 2, n = 18).Results. Increased IGCs index was found in 56 % of the samples in group 1 and 61 % of the samples in group 2. A positive statistically significant correlation was found between the number of spermatocytes I and sperm concentration (group 1), as well as the number of spermatocytes I and morphologically normal spermatozoa (group 2). The average number of non-divided spermatids in group 2 was statistically higher than in group 1. A negative statistically significant correlation was found between the number of non-divided spermatids and the number of morphologically normal spermatozoa, as well as the concentration of germ cells (group 2). Increased IGCs index was found in both pathozoospermia and normozoospermia.Conclusions. The QKA IGCs is an independent method for spermatogenesis evaluation and can be recommended as part of the protocol for examining men with reproductive disorders along with standard semen analysis.