Monitoring the efficiency of microwave channels for receiving telemetry information using indirect parameters

The paper presents an analysis of existing methods of controlling the efficiency of multipart radio engineering systems and their individual components. The authors consider the situations when traditional methods do not allow controlling the efficiency of the system in operational mode. The study substantiates the practicability and possibility of estimating the efficiency of microwave channels for receiving telemetry information from artificial space objects according to indirect criteria. The principle of forming a list of indirect control criteria is demonstrated on the example of the functional diagram of the radio receiver system of the RT-32 C, X, K radio telescope. The study formulates the principles of creating a system designed to control the parameters of the information channel of such a microwave radio receiver system by controlling indirect parameters which correspond to the chosen criteria and the list of the basic parameters. A list of indirect parameters affecting the performance of the entire system by controlling the characteristics of its main parameters has been created. The paper carefully considers the problems that arise when equipping the radio receiver system with built-in tools for controlling and managing the indirect parameters. A system of nominal equations is designed for estimating the state of the basic parameters of the components of the radio receiver system. Each of the indirect parameters is codified in digital form. An example of a block diagram of a distributed control and management system for complex radio devices is presented. The authors determine acceptable deviations for the indirect parameters relative to the nominal values of the direct parameters for controlling the state of both individual devices and the whole multipart system. It is proposed to implement a control and management system of a complex system by using a specialized controller-based circuit board built into each functional device of the radio receiver system. One possible version of such board, its design and all functional units are considered in detail. The proposed methods of controlling and managing the state of a multipart radio-technical system when receiving telemetric information directly in the working mode has been successfully approved during a series of radio astronomical studies on RT-32 C, X, K radio telescope at the Space Researches and Communications Center of the State Space Agency of Ukraine.