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Measurement invariance of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale and associations with genetic risk in older adults.

Authors :
Toni T Saari
Maarit Piirtola
Aino Aaltonen
Teemu Palviainen
Anni Varjonen
Valtteri Julkunen
Juha O Rinne
Jaakko Kaprio
Eero Vuoksimaa
Source :
PLoS ONE, Vol 19, Iss 10, p e0312194 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2024.

Abstract

BackgroundAs populations are aging, it needs to be ensured that valid depression rating scales are available across old adulthood. Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) is a common depression rating scale, however, few studies have assessed its validity in individuals with age over 90 and/or cognitive impairment. We examined the factor structures of 20-, 15-, and 8-item CES-D scales, their measurement invariance for age and cognition, and associations with genetic risk of depression.MethodsParticipants were from a population-based older Finnish Twin Cohort study including 71-79-year-olds from the MEMTWIN II (n = 1034 for exploratory and n = 664 for confirmatory factor analyses) and 90+ year-olds from the NONAGINTA (n = 134, confirmatory factor analyses) sub-studies. Associations of polygenic risk score of major depressive disorder (MDD-PRS) with CES-D scales were examined in MEMTWIN II.ResultsExploratory factor analyses (n = 1034) suggested four- (CES-D 20) and three-factor (CES-D 8) structures and these models fit well in confirmatory analyses (n = 664). Unidimensional models had good (CES-D 15 & 20) or fair fit (CES-D 8). Results supported scalar invariance of all CES-D versions for age and cognitive status. Higher MDD-PRS was associated with more depressive symptoms in different CES-D versions.ConclusionsDifferent CES-D versions are adequate for measuring depressive symptoms across age groups and cognitive spectrum in old age. Genetic risk of depression predicts depressive symptoms even in old age.

Subjects

Subjects :
Medicine
Science

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19326203
Volume :
19
Issue :
10
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
PLoS ONE
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.5cb815630bb54ee1baccf59d537d5822
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312194