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Analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) Parameters in Young Adults after SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) Compared with Healthy Young Controls

Authors :
Anahita Bajka
Daniel Rudolf Muth
Maximilian Robert Justus Wiest
Sadiq Said
Magdalena Rejdak
Sophia Sidhu
Nastasia Foa
Frank Blaser
Daniel Barthelmes
Mario Damiano Toro
Eric H. Souied
Jeremy Werner Deuel
Patricia Schlagenhauf
Sandrine Anne Zweifel
Source :
Diagnostics, Vol 13, Iss 7, p 1283 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2023.

Abstract

Purpose: To compare retinal changes in young adults with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection with healthy young controls using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: This prospective single-center study was conducted at the University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Participants were imaged from May to November 2021 using the SOLIX device (Visionix International SAS, Pont-de-l’Arche, France). We performed 12 mm × 12 mm, 6.4 mm × 6.4 mm, 6 mm × 6 mm and 3 mm × 3 mm OCT and OCTA scans, as well as fundus photography of each participant’s eyes. Results: In total, 466 participants were imaged. Of these, 233 were healthy controls with negative RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2, 168 were young adults who had a SARS-CoV-2 infection at least 180 days previously, 19 were participants who had a SARS-CoV-2 infection < 180 days previously, and 46 were participants with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (i.e., serologically positive but with no symptoms). Compared with healthy controls, statistically significant differences were found for OCTA recordings of the optic disc for the whole image (WI) and WI capillary vessel density, with both being higher in the SARS-CoV-2 group. Conclusion: Statistically significant results were only observed for selected variables, and in parts, only unilaterally, with relatively large p values (p = 0.02–0.03). Thus, we did not interpret these as clinically significant, leading to the conclusion that young and otherwise healthy individuals (mainly men) seem to recover from mild COVID-19 infections with no ophthalmological residues.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20754418
Volume :
13
Issue :
7
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Diagnostics
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.5bfb34ccf134b25b58d978045f19195
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071283