Secondary dengue retinitis with associated occlusive retinal vasculitis

Abstract Background Dengue is endemic in tropical countries. Secondary dengue infections are generally more dangerous as they lead to an exaggerated response in the patient due to the severe immunological response caused by antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) leading to severe ocular manifestations like retinitis. Results A 42-year-old female was diagnosed as secondary dengue retinitis with associated retinal vasculitis based on her past history, clinical presentation, IgG/IgM ratio, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for dengue and was successfully treated with oral corticosteroids. Conclusion Secondary dengue infection may manifest as retinitis with signs of microvascular occlusions in the retina. A high level of suspicion and IgG/IgM ratio may help in confirming the diagnosis.