Geometrical model of 3D layer-to-layer angle-interlock woven preforms with oblique structure

The original configuration of 3D layer-to-layer angle-interlock (LLA) woven fibers cannot be maintained during matrix impregnation and is unstable when the composite is subjected to loading. The fibers in the yarn are susceptible to lateral sliding, resulting in deformation of the textile geometry. The initial modulus of the composite in the warp direction is smaller and can be inconsistent owing to the unstable geometry of the fabric. A stable 3D layer-to-layer angle-interlock (SLLA) fabric was devised by constructing a denser yarn arrangement, and the properties of this new structure were investigated in this study. The geometric parameters of this novel reinforcing structure were mathematically modeled, and the results were validated experimentally. The results showed that the SLLA structure was more stable than that of the LLA fabric. The experimentally determined structural parameters were in good agreement with the theoretically calculated values.