Epidemiological survey of high-risk population for chronic kidney disease in Shanghai during 2016 and 2018

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of high-risk populations for chronic kidney diseases (CKD) based on the screening data of community health centers in Jing'an and Minhang Districts of Shanghai from 2016 to 2018. Methods The screening data of high-risk CKD population in community health service centers in Jing'an and Minhang Districts of Shanghai were collected. The differences in the detection rate of CKD among high-risk population with different gender, age and disease history were compared and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results The detection rate of CKD in high-risk population in community was 14.71%, and those with early CKD (stage 1 and 2) accounted for the majority (84.57%). The detection rate of CKD was higher in the female high-risk group than the male group (Chi-square=202.158, P < 0.01), and in the elderly group than the non-elderly group (Chi-square=16.294, P < 0.01). The subjected high-risk individuals had complicated medical history, and those (61.77%) having a history of hypertension ranked first in number. The detection rate of CKD was higher in the patients with hypertension than those without (Chi-square=67.837, P < 0.01), and in those without diabetes than those with (Chi-square=13.978, P < 0.01). Based on the 6 risk factors (gender, age 65 and above, hypertension, diabetes, hyperuricemia and family history of kidney disease), the highest detection rate was found among the 392 patients with 4 risk factors, with 84 patients (21.43%) having CKD. Conclusion Gender, age, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the risk factors of CKD, the detection rate of CKD is higher in female population and older people with hypertension but not diabetes.