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A predominance of R5-like HIV genotypes in vaginal secretions is associated with elevated plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and the absence of anti-retroviral therapy

Authors :
Lacour Nedra
Clark Rebecca A
Kissinger Patricia J
Randolph Tara C
Amedee Angela M
Source :
Virology Journal, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 87 (2008)
Publication Year :
2008
Publisher :
BMC, 2008.

Abstract

Abstract HIV expressed in genital secretions provides the inoculum from which transmitting variants are selected, both in sexual transmission and mother-to-infant transmission during partuition. Characterization of HIV levels and genotypes found in vaginal secretions and the impact of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on this virus can provide valuable insight for the prevention of HIV transmission. Vaginal HIV was evaluated in a cohort of 43 women attending a New Orleans HIV outpatient clinic. Predominant vaginal genotypes were characterized as R5- or X4-like by heteroduplex tracking analyses of the envelope V3 region. Most women (67.4%) shed R5-like genotypes in vaginal secretions which was associated with elevated plasma HIV levels (≥ 10,000 copies HIV-RNA/mL) and absence of ART. Because R5-like genotypes are more frequently associated with transmission, these observations suggest that the majority of women shedding HIV in genital secretions present a transmission risk. The levels of vaginal virus were similar between both groups, but shedding of X4-like genotypes was associated with lower plasma viral loads and the use of ART, suggesting that ART use may impact the genotypes of virus found in the female genital compartment.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1743422X
Volume :
5
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Virology Journal
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.55fea754e8714b4a8a6bee613c8c7904
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-5-87