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Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

Authors :
Anastasia K. Armeni
Georgios Κ. Markantes
Alexandra Stathopoulou
Katerina Saltiki
Petros Zampakis
Stelios F. Assimakopoulos
Marina A. Michalaki
Source :
Vaccines, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 1574 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2023.

Abstract

COVID-19, a contagious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in 2019 and quickly became a pandemic, infecting more than 700 million people worldwide. The disease incidence, morbidity and mortality rates have started to decline since the development of effective vaccines against the virus and the widespread immunization of the population. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are associated with minor local or systemic adverse reactions, while serious adverse effects are rare. Thyroid-related disorders have been reported after vaccination for COVID-19, and Graves’ disease (GD) is the second most common amongst them. Thyroid eye disease (TED), an extrathyroidal manifestation of GD, is rarely observed post-COVID-19 vaccination. All TED cases followed mRNA-based vaccinations, but two new onset mild TED cases post-viral vector vaccine (ChAdox1nCoV-19) have also been reported. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with new onset hyperthyroidism and moderate-to-severe and active TED 10 days after she received the first dose of a viral vector vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. This is the first case of moderate-to-severe TED after such a vaccine. Our patient was initially treated with intravenous glucocorticoids, and subsequently with intravenous rituximab, due to no response. The disease was rendered inactive after rituximab, but constant diplopia persisted, and the patient was referred for rehabilitative surgery.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2076393X
Volume :
11
Issue :
10
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Vaccines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.538fd89a4c6b49c7aaf3d29c09bed8ef
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101574