Herpes Zoster in Children: A Clinico- Epidemiological Study Over 4 Years at A Tertiary Center in Gujarat

Introduction: Earlier considered a rare disease, childhood herpes zoster is showing an increasing incidence. This study was con- ducted to study the clinical features of herpes zoster (HZ) in chil- dren below 12 years of age along with immune suppression status. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the Depart- ment of Dermatology at a Tertiary Care Centre in Gujarat for 4 years. Children aged ≤12 years with a diagnosis of HZ were en- rolled in a predesigned pro forma. Diagnosis was mainly clinical with use of Tzanck smears in difficult cases. ELISA for HIV was done in all cases. Results: Total of 51 children aged ≤12 years were enrolled in the study. Male predominance was seen. The mean age was 8.74 years. 72.5% patients had localized dermatomal involvement and dis- semination was not seen. Majority of patients (51%) did not have any preceding symptoms. Prior exposure to varicella was present in only 19 (37.3%) cases. Evidence of immunosuppression on his- tory, clinical examination, and investigations was present in 11(21.5%). Conclusion: Although childhood HZ is increasing, atypical pres- entations and dissemination are rare. Immunosuppression does not play a major role in these patients. We conclude that HZ in children follows a relatively benign course as compared to adults.