Research progress on the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease in which endoplasmic reticulum stress(ER stress) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chondrocyte apoptosis. To limit the adverse effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress, cells activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, when endoplasmic reticulum stress persists beyond the maximum tolerance of UPR, cells may trigger endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction through three pathways of UPR leading to chondrocyte apoptosis.