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Investigation of air emissions from artisanal petroleum refineries in the Niger-Delta Nigeria

Authors :
Anthony Onakpohor
Bamidele Sunday Fakinle
Jacob Ademola Sonibare
Michael Abidemi Oke
Funso Alaba Akeredolu
Source :
Heliyon, Vol 6, Iss 11, Pp e05608- (2020)
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
Elsevier, 2020.

Abstract

The increase in price of the available refined petroleum products for local consumption in Nigeria had led to the emergence of indigenous technology for petroleum refining in some parts of the Niger Delta region. This study, therefore characterized and quantified artisanal refineries’ gaseous emissions for possible air pollutants based on various unit operations involved and evaluated their impacts. It measured the emissions directly from source using E8500 Portable Combustion Analyzer. It also categorized oven sizes/processing capacity of the refineries into various ranges in order to estimate emissions according to processing capacity. The result revealed that; pollutants emission varied significantly between the unit operations and increased with increase in processing capacity. When the emissions were compared with daily limits set by the Environmental Guidelines and Standard for Petroleum Industry in Nigeria (EGASPIN) 2002, the emissions (CO, NOx, and SO2) breached the available set limits. While with the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA), 1991 set limits for emissions from stationary source; HC and CO breached their limits. SO2 and H2S breached their lower limits but were below the upper limit, while NOx emissions were found within its set limit. The study concluded that, Nigeria Artisanal Petroleum Refineries are sources of air pollution, as they impact the host environment.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
24058440
Volume :
6
Issue :
11
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Heliyon
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.4ff24023a63840e7a2b4e5b4cc3dec98
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05608