Groove design optimization of femoral heads in solid hip implants: Study on stress distribution and total deformation using FEA and full factorial design

Hip replacement surgery is a common procedure that relies on the implant's design to withstand daily activities. This study aims to investigate the impact of different surface groove designs on the performance of solid hip implants using finite element analysis (FEA) and optimization techniques. The study evaluates the influence of grooves on the stress distribution and total deformation of the implant, considering three designs: no grooves, horizontal grooves, and vertical grooves on the surface of the femoral head. The simulations were conducted using Ansys Mechanical, and the optimization process was carried out using the general full factorial design method in Minitab software. The results demonstrate that the groove design significantly affects the stress distribution and wear of the implant. The vertical groove design shows better overall results, indicating the best performance. The study also evaluated the influence of force on the performance of the implant, with different load range. The optimization process using the general full factorial design method revealed that the optimal groove design was a vertical model with an optimized groove depth and width. These findings offer valuable insights into the impact of surface groove designs on the performance of solid hip implants, leading to better patient outcomes and longer implant lifespan. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the effect of surface groove design on the performance of solid hip implants.