Intensity-duration-frequency curves in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area inferred from the Bayesian hierarchical model

Study region: The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), China. Study focus: Using hourly rain gauge data and CMORPH data, we use the duration-dependent generalized extreme value (d-GEV) model and the scaling invariant GEV model inferred by the Bayesian hierarchical model to derive the intensity-duration-frequency IDF characteristics of extreme precipitation in GBA and adjust their uncertainties. New hydrological insights for the region: The GEV location and scale parameters of IDF curves in GBA show similar spatial distribution and the higher-resolution CMORPH can capture more local details than rain gauge data. Meanwhile, compared with the rain gauge data, CMORPH produces significantly lower rainfall intensity of storms with short durations, which leads to large uncertainties of IDF curves derived from CMORPH for the short-duration rainfall. Additionally, the uncertainties of IDF curves can be substantially reduced by using the scaling invariant model that was inferred by the Bayesian hierarchical model, compared with the ordinary d-GEV method. Therefore, the Bayesian inference is suggested to be adopted for regional estimation of IDF curves, especially for regions of limited sub-daily gauge data.