Design of Electric Motorcycle Variable with Battery Management System

This study focuses on conceptualization and development of a battery management system (BMS) with two main functions, battery monitoring and management, in the context of brushless direct current motors (BLDCs). The main challenge in variable estimation is to protect the battery from potential risks during the charge and discharge cycle. The new proposed resolution combines a comprehensive BMS with monitoring capabilities for charge (SoC), health (SoH), voltage, current and battery temperature. In addition, a protective mechanism is incorporated to prevent variables from overshooting safety parameters. This research uses two different methodologies for estimating SOC, coulomb counting and open circuit voltage. In experimental tests, resistance potentiometers of 1,650, 3,300 and 0 were used, with SoC estimates of 37%, 19% and 65%, while coulomb counting method has a marginal error of 1.13%. On the contrary, the open-circuit voltage method generated a SoC estimate of 0% for all potentiometer resistance, with an error rate of 0.64 %. As a result, the open circuit voltage method is chosen because of its superior accuracy compared to the coulomb counting method. The state assessment of the battery showed a value of 100% after seven cycles. In addition, a protective system has been implemented to ensure that battery variables remain within the safe thresholds throughout the charge and discharge process. Consequently, the implementation of this BMS is expected to significantly improve overall performance and extend battery life.