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Future of Antiretroviral Drugs and Evolution of HIV-1 Drug Resistance
- Source :
- Viruses, Vol 15, Iss 2, p 540 (2023)
- Publication Year :
- 2023
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2023.
-
Abstract
- Highly active antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has been used for many years, but the use in low- and middle-income countries of antiretroviral drugs with low genetic barrier to resistance, combined with limited availability of viral load testing, has led to higher rates of acquired drug resistance, sustaining the rate of transmitted drug resistance. Here, we describe the evolution of ARV drugs with the ongoing development of injectable long-acting forms and the requirements regarding all new ARV drugs (i.e., no transmitted drug resistance, no cross-resistance and high genetic barrier to resistance). Then, we report the evolution of both transmitted and acquired resistance regarding new ARV drugs. The WHO has set very ambitious but motivating goals for HIV testing, treatment and viral suppression, aiming to achieve rates of 95% for all three by 2025. Reaching these goals requires a wide implementation and use of close virological monitoring in LMICs.
- Subjects :
- HIV
drug resistance
antiretroviral
long-acting
Microbiology
QR1-502
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19994915
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.48e793a930414873aa288aa6ab20df51
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v15020540