Living Labs et territorialisation de politiques publiques innovantes. L’exemple du Living Lab Jeunesse de la Métropole de Lille (France)

Living Labs can be initiated by civil society to address the shortcomings of the Welfare State, but Living Labs are increasingly used by public authorities to involve external stakeholders in innovation for the transformation of public policies. The article proposes three types of Living Labs and three scenarios for innovating in public action, depending on the engagement of citizens, stakeholders, or public decision-makers. This model is tested for analyzing the Lille Metropole ″Living Lab for Youth″, in France, experimentation funded by a national call for projects to co-construct an innovative policy at a metropolitan level with young people. This case study shows how public institutions could articulate the three types of Living Lab on a long-term perspective to transform public action step by step.