甘油三酯对高血压患者认知功能的影响：一项社区人群的长期队列研究 Effect of Triglyceride on Cognitive Function in Hypertensive Patients: A Long-Term Cohort Study in a Community-Based Population

目的 探讨TG水平对社区高血压患者认知功能的影响。 方法 本研究为基于社区人群的前瞻性队列研究，研究对象为北京市昌平区北七家社区卫生服务中心辖区内40岁以上常住居民中的高血压患者。2015—2016年完成首次人口学、既往病史、实验室检查、认知功能评价（采用MoCA评估）等信息采集。随访7～8年，于2023年随访认知功能，以△MoCA（基线MoCA评分－随访MoCA评分）评估研究对象的认知功能下降情况。采用多因素线性回归探讨TG水平对认知功能下降的影响。 结果 研究共纳入338例患者，平均年龄为（59.1±6.8）岁，男性111例（32.8%）。TG水平与认知功能下降（△MoCA）呈正相关（β=0.172，P=0.025），且主要与视空间执行功能下降相关（β=0.152，P=0.045）。 结论 社区高血压患者TG水平升高与认知功能下降独立相关，且可能主要影响视空间执行功能。 Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of TG levels on cognitive function in community patients with hypertension. Methods This study was a prospective cohort study based on community population. The subjects were hypertensive over 40 years old in Beiqijia Community Health Service Center, Changping District, Beijing. The first collection of information on demographics, medical history, laboratory tests, and assessment of cognitive function (using the MoCA) was completed from 2015 to 2016. Cognitive function was reassessed in 2023 after a follow-up of 7-8 years. Cognitive decline was defined as ΔMoCA (baseline MoCA score－follow-up MoCA score). Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the effects of TG levels on cognitive decline. Results A total of 338 patients [mean age (59.1±6.8) years, 111(32.8%) males] were included. TG levels were positively correlated with cognitive decline (ΔMoCA) (β=0.172, P=0.025), and were mainly correlated with the decline of visuospatial executive function (β=0.152, P=0.045). Conclusions There is an independent correlation between the increased TG level and the decreased cognitive function in community patients with hypertension, and it may primarily affect the visuospatial executive function.