Possible detection of atmospheric bioaerosol via LiDAR: a wavelength-based simulation study

Abstract This study explores potential of LiDAR technology to rapidly detect aerosolized biological terror agents in the atmosphere. It assesses the application by simulating extinction coefficients and the Ångström exponent at various wavelengths (266, 1064, 1571, and 2000 nm), focusing on differentiating bioaerosols from typical atmospheric particles. The simulation analysis evaluates changes in aerosol distributions and related extinction coefficient and Ångström exponent shifts under clean, normal, and bad atmospheric conditions. The findings indicate that the 1064 nm wavelength effectively detects bioaerosol presence, with a combination of 1064 nm and 1571 nm providing optimal Ångström exponent use for particle size differentiation. This dual-wavelength approach is highlighted as a practical method for bioaerosol detection, showcasing a significant sensitivity to variations in particle quantity and size, which are critical in biological threat scenarios. In conclusion, the study offers guidance for selecting LiDAR wavelengths for biological agent detection systems. While providing a theoretical framework for practical applications, it also underlines the need for further experimental work to confirm findings and fine-tune technology for real-world monitoring and threat management. This research contributes to the development of effective monitoring strategies against the backdrop of biological terror threats. Graphical Abstract