Multi-criteria optimization of sports compression socks using Taguchi-VIKOR statistical approach

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of some key manufacturing parameters of Sports Compression Socks (SCS), aiming to optimize their performance characteristics for athletic applications. We investigated the interplay of material selection (Polyamide and Polyester), knitting structures (Pique and Drop Needle), and processing methods (E-wash, Dip wash, and Direct Press) on the functional properties of SCS. Our experimental design employed a full factorial approach, utilizing the Taguchi method for robust data analysis and the VIKOR (VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje) technique for multi-criteria optimization. Key performance indicators assessed included compression pressure, fabric thickness, breathability (air permeability and Overall Moisture Management Capacity), and serviceability (pilling resistance and dimensional stability). The collected data underwent rigorous scrutiny using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess their significance, validated by p -values ( p < 0.05). Further insight into the significance and contribution percentages of each factor was gained through ANOVA (α = 0.10) and visualized using a pie chart. Results demonstrated significant influences of knitting structures and processing methods on the physical and performance characteristics of SCS. Particularly, the Nylon E-wash Pique (NEWP) combination emerged as the most effective, providing a balanced profile of breathability, compression, and durability. Overall, the study contributes to the optimization of SCS performance characteristics for athletic applications, through a comprehensive analysis of key manufacturing parameters, with practical implications for manufacturers. These insights are pivotal for guiding manufacturers in producing high-quality, effective SCS that meet diverse consumer needs. The study advances the understanding of SCS design, proposing strategic approaches that consider important material and manufacturing perspectives. Future research directions include comparing pressure values in yarn-dyed and sock-dyed processes to further enhance the quality of compression garments.