不同瓜类种子性状及其油中角鲨烯含量的分析比较

为探究不同瓜类种子性状与含油量及其油中角鲨烯含量的相关性，以苦瓜、瓜蒌、籽瓜和南瓜等15个品种的瓜类种子为实验材料，对单粒质量、百粒质量、长、宽、干基含油量和油中角鲨烯含量进行测定,并分析其相关性。结果表明：籽瓜种子单粒质量最大、长度最长、宽度最宽，分别为0.255 2 g、0.632 mm和0383 mm；阿根廷蛇瓜种子百粒质量最大，为24.919 3 g；砍瓜种子的干基含油量和油中角鲨烯含量最高，分别为41.14%和2 525.8 mg/kg；相关性分析发现种子长度越长，宽度越宽有利于单粒质量和百粒质量的增加，油中角鲨烯含量与干基含油量呈显著正相关（p＜0.05）；西葫芦、青皮绿肉酥、砍瓜、早熟南瓜和南瓜在籽油角鲨烯含量选育中具有一定的参考价值。综上，砍瓜为种子高含油量及其油中高角鲨烯含量的瓜类品种。 To explore the relationship between character of different melon seeds and their oil content and squalene content in oil, the single seed mass, 100 seeds mass, length, width, oil content and squalene content in oil were measured with 15 kinds of melon seeds such as Momordica charantia, Trichosanthes, seed melon and pumpkin etc. as experimental materials, and their correlation was analyzed. The results showed that the seed melon seed had the highest single seed mass, the longest length and the widest width of 0.255 2 g, 0.632 mm and 0.383 mm, respectively. The Argentine snake melon seed had the largest 100 seeds mass of 24.919 3 g. The oil content on dry basis and squalene content in oil of cut melon seed were the highest, with the oil content on dry basis of 41.14% and the squalene content of 2 525.8 mg/kg. The correlation analysis showed that the longer length and the wider the width of the seed, the larger the single seed mass and 100 seeds mass. Squalene content in oil was significantly positively correlated with oil content on dry basis (p＜0.05). Zucchini, green meat pastry, cut melon, early maturing pumpkin and pumpkin had certain reference value in squalene content in seed oil breeding. In summary, cut melon is a melon variety with high oil content in seed and high squalene content in its seed oil.