Overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents wit type 1 diabetes mellitus

The influence of obesity on cardiometabolic health in the general population has been widely studied, but few studies are dealing with the problem of obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the presence of overweight, and obese persons with metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and to determine the conection of nutritional status with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as dyslipidemia, glycoregulation, high blood pressure , insulin dose, age, illness, length of illness. Methods: The study included 197 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (103 females, 94 males). The average age of respondents was 12,71 years. Data on body weight, height, BMI was calculated according to the formula kg/m2. Standard laboratory procedures were determined, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, AST, GHbA1c, data on a daily dose of insulin, and type of insulin therapy, age at which the disease began, duration of disease, the possible existence of microvascular complications (microalbuminuria, retinopathy, neuropathy) and hypertension were obtained. Results: There were 77,2% patients had normal weight, 14,2% were overweight, 3,4% were obese and 5,2% nutritional had metabolic syndrome. We found statistically significant conection between nutritional impairment and total cholesterol, tryglycerides, hypertension, length of disease and daily insuline dose. Conclusion: Due to the fact that people with type 1 diabetes are at high risk for the development of vascular complications, prevention, early detection and treatment of nutritional impairment as well as other cardiometabolic risk factors are imperative.