PERANAN SAREKAT ISLAM (SI) DAN MUHAMMADIYAH SEBAGAI GERAKAN POLITIK DAN PENDIDIKAN PADA MASA PERGERAKAN NASIONAL

The purpose of this study is to describe the role of Sarekat Islam and Muhammadiyah in politics and education during the 1911-1942 national movement. Sarekat Islam (1911) and Muhammadiyah (1912) became organizations carried out the struggle for Indonesian independence with religion as their basis. Both organizations fighting for the Indonesian independence with their respective paths and ideologies: Muhammadiyah was more concentrated in the field of education, while Sarekat Islam was in the political field. The method used in this study was a historical research with its stages, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The form of the role of Sarekat Islam during the national movement, especially in the political field, was through the labor movement, the Volksraad, and direct criticism of the government through a national congress held annually. It was different with the Muhammadiyah which was not directly involved with the political movements that emerged at that time, but this organization supported the struggle of political movements that fought for the aspirations of the Islamic community. At this time, Muhammadiyah was also heavily involved in the field of education, especially by establishing Muhammadiyah-assisted schools.